Certified Diabetes Care and Education Specialist (CDCES) Practice Exam

What is a common symptom of both hypo- and hyperglycemia that can confuse patients?

1. Rapid heartbeat

2. Hunger

3. Weakness

4. Vision changes

The correct answer is: Rapid heartbeat

A rapid heartbeat is a common symptom of both hypo- and hyperglycemia, which can indeed lead to confusion in patients. In the case of hypoglycemia, the body releases adrenaline (epinephrine) in response to low blood sugar levels. This release can cause symptoms such as increased heart rate and palpitations, which are designed to help restore blood glucose levels by signaling the body to mobilize glucose reserves. Conversely, in hyperglycemia, particularly when patients develop ketoacidosis, the body can also experience a rapid heartbeat as a response to dehydration and increased acidity in the blood. The overlap of these cardiovascular symptoms in both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia makes it challenging for patients to accurately discern their condition, emphasizing the importance of checking blood glucose levels to clarify the cause of their symptoms. While hunger, weakness, and vision changes can occur in either condition, they are typically more distinct indicators. Hunger is primarily associated with hypoglycemia, weakness may similarly stem from low blood sugar, and vision changes are more commonly linked with sustained hyperglycemia, particularly as a result of osmotic shifts. Therefore, the rapid heartbeat stands out as a confusing, overlapping symptom affecting individuals with either condition.