Certified Diabetes Care and Education Specialist (CDCES) Practice Exam

Why is a weight loss plan with a significant calorie deficit not recommended for older adults with sarcopenia?

1. It may lead to further muscle wasting.

2. It is difficult for older adults to achieve.

3. It does not address dietary deficiencies.

4. It conflicts with diabetic dietary management.

The correct answer is: It may lead to further muscle wasting.

A weight loss plan that involves a significant calorie deficit is not recommended for older adults with sarcopenia primarily because it may lead to further muscle wasting. Sarcopenia, which is characterized by the loss of muscle mass and strength, can be exacerbated by inadequate calorie intake. When older adults significantly reduce their calorie consumption, they may not consume sufficient protein or energy to maintain their existing muscle mass. Maintaining muscle is crucial for older adults, particularly those with sarcopenia, as muscle strength is linked to overall health, functional ability, and quality of life. An excessive calorie deficit can cause the body to break down existing muscle tissue for energy, further increasing the risk of frailty and associated complications. Therefore, it is essential for older adults, especially those facing sarcopenia, to adopt a balanced approach to weight management that includes adequate nutrition and possibly a moderate calorie deficit, rather than a drastic reduction in nutrient intake. The focus should instead be on improving the quality of their diet, emphasizing protein intake and engaging in resistance exercise to help preserve or build muscle mass while managing weight.